learning_paradigms:paradigm_comparison
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learning_paradigms:paradigm_comparison [2011/06/10 15:48] jpetrovic |
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| - | | ^ Behaviorism ^ Cognitivism ^ Humanism ^ Constructivism ^ Connectivism ^ | ||
| - | ^ Time line: | Since 1900s | Since 1960s | Since 1960s | Since 1970s | Since 2000s | | ||
| - | ^ What is learning: | Development of desired behavior | Acquisition of new knowledge and developing adequate mental constructions | A mean which should help learner in self-actualization and development of personal potentials | Construction of new knowledge | Process of connection-forming | | ||
| - | ^ Control locus: | Environment | Learner | Learner | Learner | Mostly learner but also environment | | ||
| - | ^ Learner role: | Passive, simply responding to external stimuli | Active and central to the process, he learns objective knowledge from external world | Active and discovery | Active, constructing his representation of knowledge using preferred learning styles | Knowledge acquisition in form of establishing connections to other nodes | | ||
| - | ^ Learning process: | External supporting of desired or punishing of undesired behavior | An active process of acquiring and processing new information using prior knowledge and experience | Active learning through experience | Construction of subjective representation of knowledge based on prior knowledge and experience | Learning can also reside outside a person (within a database or an organization) and is focused on establishing connections | | ||
| - | ^ Critics: | Ignores learner and his mental processes, depends exclusively on overt behavior | Views knowledge as objective and external to the learner | More psychologically then experimentally grounded approach based on assumptions of free will and a system of human values which are generally believed to be true, yet sometimes discredited through counterexamples | There is little evidence for some constructivist views, and some even contradict known findings | A relatively new and according to some not fully developed theory | | ||
| - | ^ Key authors: | [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/thorndike.htm|Edward Thorndike (1874 - 1949)]], [[http://www.ivanpavlov.com/|Ivan Pavlov (1849 - 1936)]], [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/guthrie.htm|Edwin Guthrie (1886 - 1959)]], [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/tolman.htm|Edward Tolman (1886 - 1959)]], [[http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Clark_L._Hull|Clark Hull (1884 – 1952)]], [[http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Skinner (1904 - 1990)]], [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Kaye_Estes|William Estes (1919 - )]] | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Wertheimer|Max Wertheimer (1880 – 1943)]], [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel (1918 - 2008)]], [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bandura|Albert Bandura (1925 - )]], [[http://www.ibstpi.org/Products/pdf/appendix_A-C.pdf|Robert Gagné (1916 - 2002)]], [[http://www.education.com/reference/article/anderson-richard-chase-1934-/|Richard Anderson (1934 - )]], [[http://www.rogerschank.com/|Roger Schank]], [[http://education.arts.unsw.edu.au/staff/john-sweller-726.html|John Sweller]], [[http://www.psych.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/mayer/index.php|Richard Mayer]], [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Dale|Edgar Dale (1900 – 1985)]], [[http://www.indiana.edu/~syschang/decatur/bios/biographies.html|Charles Reigeluth]], [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]], [[http://mdavidmerrill.com/index.htm|Dave Merrill]], [[http://mdavidmerrill.com/index.htm|Dave Merrill]], [[http://www.scandura.com/|Joseph Scandura]] | [[http://www.nrogers.com/carlrogers.html|Carl Rogers]], [[http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html|Abraham Maslow]] | [[http://wilderdom.com/experiential/JohnDeweyPhilosophyEducation.html|John Dewey]], [[http://www.piaget.org/aboutPiaget.html|Jean Piaget]], [[http://www.marxists.org/archive/vygotsky/|Lev Vygotsky]], [[http://www.cilip.org.uk/get-involved/special-interest-groups/community-services/subgroups/information-literacy/events/lilac/lilac-2006/Documents/ProfessorPhilipCandy.pdf|Philip Candy]], [[http://www.education.leeds.ac.uk/research/cssme/rosalind_driver.pdf|Rosalind Driver]] | [[http://www.elearnspace.org/about.htm|George Simens]] | | ||
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learning_paradigms/paradigm_comparison.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)
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