====== Stožac iskustva ======

===== Općenito =====

Stožac iskustva (cone of experience) je slika koja opisuje **doprinos različitih vrsta iskustvenog učenja**, a predstavio ju je 1946.godine [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Dale|Edgar Dale]].

===== Što je stožac iskustva? =====

[[http://qwertyrob.blogspot.com/2008/08/you-will-only-remember-10-of-this.html|{{  :images:cone.jpg?330x400|Cone of Experience. Image borrowed from: http://qwertyrob.blogspot.com/... Click on the picture to follow the link.}}]]

//Stožac iskustva// Edgara Dalea prvi put je predstavljen u njegovoj knjizi "Audio-vizualne metode u poučavanju", izdanoj 1946. To je slika koja opisuje korisnost različitih vrsta iskustava učenja. Stožac je organiziran počevši od **najapstraktnijih iskustava na vrhu**, mijenjajući se prema **najkonkretnijim iskustvima na dnu**. U kasnijim izdanjima knjige bio je podvrgnut manjim izmjenama, no originalna slika stošca može se pronaći [[http://www.robwaller.org/blog/uploaded_images/realdale-759265.jpg|ovdje]].

Važnost Daleovog stošca iskustva je u njegovim pretpostavkama o tome **kako učimo učinkovitije** i u **primjeni** takvih sredstava ili aktivnosti **tijekom obrazovnog procesa**. Pretpostavke iskazane u stošcu su bile od važnosti mnogim kasnijim psiholozima i [[learning_paradigms:cognitivism#learning_theories|kognitivističkim teorijama]]. 

NAPOMENA: **Lažni brojevi postotaka** naknadno su dodani u Daleov stožac. Međutim, oni ni na koji način nisu povezani s originalnim stošcem. Zbirka često korištenih lažnih stožaca može se pronaći u [[http://www2.potsdam.edu/betrusak/AECT2002/dalescone_files/dalescone.html.ppt|prezentaciji]] Betrusa i Januszewskog.

===== Ključne riječi i najvažnija imena =====
  * **Stožac iskustva**
  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Dale|Edgar Dale]]

===== Literatura =====

[[http://media.openedu.com.cn/media_file/netcourse/asx/xdjyjs/public/05xgzy/13.pdf|Molenda, M. Cone of experience. Educational Technology: An Encyclopedia. 2003.]]

[[http://web.utk.edu/~mccay/apdm/selusing/selusing_d.htm|The Cone of Experience. Alabama Professional Development Modules.]] preuzeto 23.8.2011.

===== Pročitaj više =====

[[http://books.google.hr/books?id=lZdqAAAAMAAJ&q=Audio-visual+methods+in+teaching&dq=Audio-visual+methods+in+teaching&hl=hr&ei=4EV2TdPWH8rFswbQprGKBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA|Dale, Edgar. Audiovisual methods in teaching. Dryden Press, 1969.]]


==== Recentna literatura ====

[[http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=defb1b99-e72c-417c-a7a3-2c57ec58fbf3%40sessionmgr110&vid=1&hid=119&bdata=Jmxhbmc9aHImc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=a9h&AN=57048850|Dwyer, F. (2010). Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis. International Journal Of Instructional Media, 37(4), 431-437.]]

[[http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=d6d1b8dc-f963-4ee9-a1ef-9c3ecff7cdd8%40sessionmgr113&vid=1&hid=119&bdata=Jmxhbmc9aHImc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=eric&AN=EJ779364|Lord, T. (2007). Society for College Science Teachers: Revisiting the Cone of Learning--Is it a Reliable Way to Link Instruction Method with Knowledge Recall?. Journal Of College Science Teaching, 37(2), 14-17.]]

[[http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=b184bb92-0442-4477-9dea-3c535dab198c%40sessionmgr110&vid=1&hid=119&bdata=Jmxhbmc9aHImc2l0ZT1laG9zdC1saXZl#db=a9h&AN=27221512|Lord, T. (2007, November). Revisiting the Cone of Learning. Journal of College Science Teaching. pp. 14-17.]]