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memory_models:human_working_memory [2011/08/29 14:57]
jpetrovic [Human working memory]
memory_models:human_working_memory [2011/08/29 16:14]
jpetrovic [Human working memory]
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   * "//use of attention to manage short-term memory//"​.   * "//use of attention to manage short-term memory//"​.
  
-What is mostly common to these definitions is that they address working memory as the system which manipulates information from STM, (but sometimes also LTM)((See: ​[[Coolidge, Frederick L., and Thomas Wynn. The Rise of Homo sapiens: The Evolution of Modern Thinking. Wiley-Blackwell,​ 2009.]])). As this system is one of the key components in the process of knowledge acquisition,​ the most commonly discussed working memory models of Baddeley and Cowan will be briefly discussed here.+What is mostly common to these definitions is that they address working memory as the system which manipulates information from STM, (but sometimes also LTM)((See: Coolidge, Frederick L., and Thomas Wynn. The Rise of Homo sapiens: The Evolution of Modern Thinking. Wiley-Blackwell,​ 2009.)). As this system is one of the key components in the process of knowledge acquisition,​ the most commonly discussed working memory models of Baddeley and Cowan will be briefly discussed here. 
  
 === Baddeley'​s model of working memory === === Baddeley'​s model of working memory ===
  
-Based on experiments demonstrating connections between LTM and STM, as well as experiments indicating that STM consists of more components, **[[http://​www.york.ac.uk/​psychology/​staff/​faculty/​ab50/​|Alan Baddeley]]** and **[[http://​www.york.ac.uk/​res/​wml/​ghitch.html|Graham Hitch]]** proposed a multi-component //working memory// model in **1974**(([[http://​dionysus.psych.wisc.edu/​Lit/​Articles/​BaddeleyA1974a.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D., Hitch, G. J. Working Memory. In Bower, G.A. The psychology of learning and motivation: advances in research and theory. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp. 47–89. 1974.]])). The new term //working memory// was supposed to emphasize the importance of this system in cognitive processing.(([[http://​gen.lib.rus.ec/​get?​md5=00b2fd0fb59c5de5704bb86e70a6871a|Baddeley,​ Alan D. The Psychology of Memory. In Michael D. Kopelman, and Barbara A. Wilson. The Handbook of Memory Disorders. 2nd ed. Wiley, 2002.]])) Baddeley and Hitch suggested working memory is composed of three parts: the **central executive**,​ a system that controls the **phonological loop** (a subsystem for remembering phonological information such as language by constant refreshing through repetition in the loop), and the **visuospatial sketch pad** (a subsystem for storing visual information).+Based on experiments demonstrating connections between LTM and STM, as well as experiments indicating that STM consists of more components, **[[http://​www.york.ac.uk/​psychology/​staff/​faculty/​ab50/​|Alan Baddeley]]** and **[[http://​www.york.ac.uk/​res/​wml/​ghitch.html|Graham Hitch]]** proposed a multi-component //working memory// model in **1974**(([[http://​dionysus.psych.wisc.edu/​Lit/​Articles/​BaddeleyA1974a.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D., Hitch, G. J. Working Memory. In Bower, G.A. The psychology of learning and motivation: advances in research and theory. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp. 47–89. 1974.]])). The new term //working memory// was supposed to emphasize the importance of this system in cognitive processing.(([[http://​dionysus.psych.wisc.edu/​Lit/​Articles/​BaddeleyA1974a.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D., Hitch, G. J. Working Memory. In Bower, G.A. The psychology of learning and motivation: advances in research and theory. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp. 47–89. 1974.]] cited by [[http://​gen.lib.rus.ec/​get?​md5=00b2fd0fb59c5de5704bb86e70a6871a|Baddeley,​ Alan D. The Psychology of Memory. In Michael D. Kopelman, and Barbara A. Wilson. The Handbook of Memory Disorders. 2nd ed. Wiley, 2002.]])) Baddeley and Hitch suggested working memory is composed of three parts: the **central executive**,​ a system that controls the **phonological loop** (a subsystem for remembering phonological information such as language by constant refreshing through repetition in the loop), and the **visuospatial sketch pad** (a subsystem for storing visual information).
  
 This model was later revised and improved by Baddeley(([[http://​www.wheaton.edu/​psychology/​undergrad/​faculty/​phinney/​Psy772Readings2006/​Baddeley2002EurPsyc.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D. Is working memory still working? American Psychologist,​ 11:​851–64. 2001.]]))(([[http://​books.google.hr/​books?​id=mU9lz8fu4VgC&​printsec=frontcover&​dq=Working+Memory,​+Thought,​+and+Action&​hl=hr&​ei=XCqbTf-rO83z4Qayl5ibBw&​sa=X&​oi=book_result&​ct=result&​resnum=1&​ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#​v=onepage&​q&​f=false|Baddeley,​ A. D. Working Memory, Thought, and Action. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.]])) but also contributed by other authors((See:​ [[http://​www.scribd.com/​doc/​23614478/​The-Rise-of-Homo-Sapiens-The-Evolution-of-Modern-Thinking|Coolidge,​ Frederick L., and Thomas Wynn. The Rise of Homo sapiens: The Evolution of Modern Thinking. Wiley-Blackwell,​ 2009.]])), which resulted in additional component of **episodic buffer**(([[http://​www.nbu.bg/​cogs/​events/​2002/​materials/​Markus/​ep_bufer.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D. The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory? Trends in Cognitive Science, 4:417–23. 2000.]])) in year **2000** and more detailed functions and analysis of other components, as described in table below. This model was later revised and improved by Baddeley(([[http://​www.wheaton.edu/​psychology/​undergrad/​faculty/​phinney/​Psy772Readings2006/​Baddeley2002EurPsyc.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D. Is working memory still working? American Psychologist,​ 11:​851–64. 2001.]]))(([[http://​books.google.hr/​books?​id=mU9lz8fu4VgC&​printsec=frontcover&​dq=Working+Memory,​+Thought,​+and+Action&​hl=hr&​ei=XCqbTf-rO83z4Qayl5ibBw&​sa=X&​oi=book_result&​ct=result&​resnum=1&​ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#​v=onepage&​q&​f=false|Baddeley,​ A. D. Working Memory, Thought, and Action. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.]])) but also contributed by other authors((See:​ [[http://​www.scribd.com/​doc/​23614478/​The-Rise-of-Homo-Sapiens-The-Evolution-of-Modern-Thinking|Coolidge,​ Frederick L., and Thomas Wynn. The Rise of Homo sapiens: The Evolution of Modern Thinking. Wiley-Blackwell,​ 2009.]])), which resulted in additional component of **episodic buffer**(([[http://​www.nbu.bg/​cogs/​events/​2002/​materials/​Markus/​ep_bufer.pdf|Baddeley,​ A. D. The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory? Trends in Cognitive Science, 4:417–23. 2000.]])) in year **2000** and more detailed functions and analysis of other components, as described in table below.
memory_models/human_working_memory.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)